"For a doityourselfer they're an attractive option. They might even be appropriate in dry climates lacking wind and sesmic induced lateral loads.
But from a cost, trade base, and embodied energy standpoint they're unlikely to be a meaningful alternative in many locations.
As good as they sound on paper, they won't often beat conventional construction in the field."
There are a number of straw bale homes in NZ where there are very high windzones and plenty of siesmic activity but unfortunately the cost is often high because of the lack of experienced people to build them. However they are gaining in popularity.